Flame Test Lab Essay

Introduction/Purpose: When a certain amount of energy is supplied within an atom, the electrons of that atom begin to move up the levels of electron configuration. This level of energy is called a quantum. The object of this experiment was to examine the movement of electrons up and down energy levels through the use of given elemental substances. With heat supplying a large amount of energy, the properties of the elements caused them to give off a certain color or tone of the light spectrum. Materials: Several materials were needed for the conduction of this experiment. Bunsen burners were used to generate heat. The process also required elements in liquid state, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, SrCl2, CuCl2, BaCl2, nichrome wire(or remove a pre-soaked wood splint), small test tubes for the metal ion solutions, safety goggles, and tabs to absorb the liquids. Containers were labeled to identify each element. Observations were recorded on a data table. Safety: You must wear your goggles at all times. Nothing on the lab tables except a pencil and your lab paper. No food or drink allowed whatsoever. Do not physically touch the chemicals. No actin a fool. Procedure: 1. Fill the test tubes with 5-10 drops of each metal ion solution. 2. Dip a wire loop into a metal ion solution (or remove a pre-soaked wood splint). 3. Hold the wire loop in the Bunsen burner flame and observe the color of the flame. Record your observations in the data table. If using wood splints avoid catching them on fire. 4. Be sure the loop is clean for the next sample (no more flame color). 5. Option: Watch the flame through a diffraction grading slide to see the bright line emission spectrum. Conclusion: In conclusion, we discovered that every metal ion solution has a distinct emission spectrum. Low energy red was proven to be on the low energy side. While violet indicates high energy.

Comparing & Contrasting: Cambodians & Filipinos Essay

Within the Asian country lie many cultures, beliefs, religions and much more. For example, the Cambodians and the Filipinos. Cambodia is located in southeastern Asia, bordering the gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos. The Philippines is located in Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Philippine Sea and the South China Sea, east of Vietnam. Both countries have many differences and similarities. In the Cambodian culture there are many beliefs. A lot of Cambodians believe in superstition, an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear. One of the major superstitions of the Cambodian culture is Spirits of our ancestors. Folk tales explain and describe how and why a spirit cant hurt you but they can discipline you, for example the flying head. The flying head only disciplines people when they are afraid and alone in the woods. Also when two people split a pole means that they would go their different ways and split their friendship. In the Filipino culture there are also many beliefs. Superstition and ghosts are also a main belief in the Philippines. One of the known folktale ghost story is called the Aswang. The name translates to â€Å"To be detached from one part of the body. This creature flies around at night sucking blood and attacking animals and people. It is said that during the horizon, the Aswang takes on the appearance of a dog, whose front legs are longer than the back legs. Most of the Cambodians believe in the religion Buddhism. They would take daily walks to the temple to light incenses, bring food for their deceased family member or monks. May 15th is a major holiday in the Cambodian culture, the day when their holy god they worship in the name of Buddha was born, the day he was enlightened, and the day he died. The way Cambodians greet a Buddha or monk is that they would put their palms together and bow for their respect. Cambodian New Year is also a major Cambodian holiday. Its a celebration or more like a festival with food stands to clothing. Most of the Filipinos take their belief for their religion to the extreme.  The main religion in the Philippines is Catholic, Christian or other forms of religion. People would hang themselves on a cross just like Jesus did just because they believe in their religion strongly. They would usually attend church on Sundays, they would sing, and listen to the pastor read from the bible. The two countries also do have some similarities. One example for a similarity is that both cultures sometimes eat with their hands. Another example is that they both have similar superstition beliefs and folktales, just different stories. When you arrive at either a Filipino or Cambodian house you would have to take off your shoes. Finally both cultures take respect seriously, you have to bow to your elders and bless them or they bless you. Within the Asian country lie many cultures, beliefs, religions and much more. Cambodians are very superstitious and believe in mostly Buddhism. Filipinos are also very superstitious but have different folktales and most Filipinos are Christian, Catholic, or some other type of religion. Both countries also have a lot of similarities in their cultures; they both respect their elders and take respect seriously. Works Cited Sampson, Andrew. Online interview. 15 Feb. 2008.

Hofstedes Work on Culture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2700 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Sociology Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? With reference to Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work on culture evaluate the types of adjustments in A leadership style that managers may need to make because of cultural differences. Illustrate your answer by comparing the advice you would give to the US Organizations: one setting up a wholly owned subsidiary in Japan and the other in Sweden. The administrators are considering, ways of perceiving things and creating decisions are usually inspired through societyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s traditions. Therefore, different leaders act and behave in different ways because of their cultural influenced minds. They can differ in terms of language, religious beliefs, personal relationships, attitude towards innovation, networks, etc. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Hofstedes Work on Culture" essay for you Create order Every nation is having multicultural people due to globalization and diversification of markets/countries. A personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s culture is basically nurtured through the parents and family. It is then reinforced through schools, churches, friends and social circles, etc. There are also some factors that may cause a change or an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"adjustmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s culture. For example, if an American manager start or shifts his/her position in Japan, s/he has to adjust the local culture. This à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"adjustmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ makes him/her more successful because s/he can now better understand the employeesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ mindsets, trends in markets etc. and use this opportunity to become more successful. Whereas, a manager who is unable to welcome the new culture and adjust to it, may have problems with the success of the business. At the company level, managers and leaders should normali ze cultural differences and conflicts (while valuing and respecting individual cultures) to create an effective communication and understanding throughout the department levels. S/he should also create and follow policies that protect employees from all kinds of discrimination (especially during the recruitment and hiring process). Scheinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s model of organizational culture is proposing (1984; 1991; 1992) in which Schein suggests that organizational culture is what a group learns over a period of time as the group solves its problems of survival.He states that the community is a model regarding essential assumptions which have been merged, identified or developed group of people as it grasp to cope with its issues of exterior variation and interior inclusion. The model exists at three levels, artefacts, values and basic assumptions. Artefacts are the visible organizational structures and processes. They include written and spoken language, the physical space and layout of the organization and the overt behavior of the individuals. Schein divides these into three levels. The first is concerned with the physical artefacts like company logos. The second level is concerned with behavior, including organizational rituals. The third level is concerned with organizational anecdotes, stories and myths, and organizational heroes and villains. Values are the social principles, goals and standards held within the culture to have intrinsic worth. They define what the members of the organization care about. They are unwritten rules that allow members of a culture to know what is expected of them. The organizational culture reflects the values of its employees. By using these values the members are able to make decisions in order to tackle problems, issues and to develop solutions. Schein suggests that culture is what a group learns over a period of time as the group solves its problems of survival. The model posited by Schein suggests organiza tional culture exists at three levels, artefacts, values and basic assumptions. Discovered behavior in any organizational grouping or community is an outcome of the values, ideas, techniques, habits, routines which are passed on from one demographic to another à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" in a sense à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a social heritageà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , which amounts for a set of solutions for problems that others may have met and solved before. This learned behavior, or social inheritance, of any community is called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“cultureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Bilton, et al., 1987). Hofstede, G. (1980) has differentiated culture in four dimensions: (1) level of power distance, (2) individualism collectivism, (3) masculinity femininity and (4) uncertainty avoidance. [Source: https://usdkexpats.org/sites/default/files/images/hofstede.jpg] Doole and Lowe (2004) also show 3 essential components of culture: (1) Beliefs reflecting knowledge and assessments of particular situations and activiti es, (2) Values regarded what is considered to be appropriate behavior and (3) Customs concerning behavior in certain situations. They further introduce components like language, religion, education, social organizations, law and politics, response to technology, values and attitudes, etc. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Individuals who may do the right thing in normal situations behave differently under stress.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Also, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Managers tend to rely on explicit knowledge, because it can be codified, measured, and generalized.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 2011, pp. 59-60) Nonaka and Takeuchi (2011) share some interesting insights of Japanese leaders: Japan has a number of phronetic (acquired from experience, enables people to make prudent judgments in a timely fashion and take actions guided by values and morals) leaders, who possess six abilities: (1) They can assess what is good, (2) quickly grasp the essence of situations, (3) create contexts for learning, ( 4) communicate e ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ectively (5) exercise political power to bring people together and (6) encourage the development of practical wisdom in others through apprenticeship and mentoring. By Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s analyzes Comparison of Japan and Sweden with USA using Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cultural dimensions: Japan: [Source: https://geert-hofstede.com/japan.html] Taking the 6Dà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s (Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s six cultural dimensions) and comparisons with Japan, here are some scenarios that managers/leaders must account for by being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"adaptiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢: Power Distance: The power distance is a little bit more and the Japs are always conscious of their hierarchical position in any social setting and act accordingly. Japan has always been a meritocratic society and perhaps thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s the reason of its slow decision making process due to the slow decision and approval of each layer as the top management doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t take fast and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"one guyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ decision. Individualism: This dimension is far lower than the USA. This is because Japan is a collective society and they assume themselves as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“weà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  rather than à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Ià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . They are more private and reserved than other Asian countries. Masculinity: The Japs are more competitive, workaholic and persistent in pursuing achievements. This leads to more gap between the feminine groups as they find it very challenging in competing with men, especially in the corporate sectors. Uncertainty Avoidance: The Japs are best example in learning and acting in times of ambiguity. Even though Japan is prone to natural disasters and other uncertainties, they know how to deal with situations, especially at corporate levels where reports submitted to managers predict the risk factors in proposing or continuing any project. Pragmatism: In corporate Japan, there exists a long term orientation in the constantly high rate of investment in RD even in economically difficult times, higher own capital rate, priority for steady growth of market share rather than to a quarterly profit, and so on. They all serve the durability of the companies. The idea behind it is that the companies are not here to make money every quarter for the shareholders, but to serve the stakeholders and society at large for many generations to come. Indulgence: Japan has a low indulgence ratio. This is because of cultural à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"restrainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ that are causing the Japs to be in a pessimist and cynicism situation. [Source: https://geert-hofstede.com/sweden.html] Now, letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s compare the 6Dà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s with Sweden: Power Distance: There are a few differences as compared to USA. This is because the Swedish people are independent, have equal rights, superiors are accessible and the availability of coaching leader and management facilitates. Power is decentralized and managers count on the experience of their team members. Employees expect to be consulted. Control is disliked and attitude towards managers are informal and on first name basis. Communication is direct and participative. Individualism: Again, there is little difference as compared to the USA. This means there is a high preference for a loose-knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of themselves and their immediate families only. In individualistic societies offense causes guilt and a loss of self-esteem, the employer/employee relationship is a contract based on mutual advantage, hiring and promotion decisions are supposed to be based on merit only, management is the management of individuals. Masculinity: Sweden is a very much feminine society. An effective manager is supportive of his/her people, and decision making is achieved through involvement. Managers strive for consensus and people value equality, solidarity and quality in their working lives. Conflicts are resolved by compromise and negotiation and Swedes are known for their long discussions until consensus has been reached. Incentives such as free time and flexible work hours and place are favored. Uncertainty Avoidance: Sweden has a very low preference for avoiding uncertainty and the societies maintain a more relaxed attitude in which practice counts more than principles and deviance from the norm is more easily tolerated. In societies exhibiting low UAI, people believe there should be no more rules than are necessary and if they are ambiguous or do not work they should be abandoned or changed. Schedules are flexible, hard work is undertaken when necessary, but not for its own sake, precision and punctuality do not come naturally, innovation is not seen as threatening. Pragmatism: Unfortunately, the data provided by Hofstede indicates that Sweden is seen to not express a clear preference on this dimension. Indulgence: Swedish people, therefore show willingness to release their impulses and desires with regard to enjoying life and having fun. They possess a positive attitude and have a tendency towards optimism. In addition, they place a higher degree of importance on leisure time, act as they please and spend money as they wish. Thus, managers may further need a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"degree of fità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ and local network support to help them choose or adapt to a particular location. Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cultural dimensions is a best model that most managers use for setting up multinational structures. They often adapt or change their management styles as needed. Because of this they have opportunities to know and understand different cultural setting and use it to their advantage. Some advantages given by Mead and Andrews (2009) for Hofstede include: (1) it taps into deep cultural values and makes a significant national cultural comparison. (2) These Dà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s have a great relevance to management and (3) The comparisons are an immediate help and interest to managers who are concerned with establishing and implementing structures in different places. However, Mead and Andrews (2009) indicate that Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s research only shows that: (1) Work related values are n ot universal, (2) If a multinational headquarters tries to implement same norms in foreign place, their local values are likely to persist, (3) Local values determine how a headquartersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ regulations are interpreted and (4) a multinational that insists of uniformity across foreign investments is in a risk to create morale problems and insufficiencies. Also, by the view of (Bergiel Upson, 2012) examining the dimensions upon Japan and Sweden more focusing deeply:- Hypotheses Improvement The U.S. culture may be inclined by supplementary cultures. One such method is the mounting incidence of teams and groups in organizations. Simultaneously, the established Japanese civilization has been repeatedly viewed as very masculine, collectivist, and long term oriented. Conversely, a lot of years of communication sandwiched between Japan and western countries might have led them to happen to more individualistic, short term sloping and feminist. By utilizing Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s cultural dimensions as a scaffold, and comparing our outcome to those of his inventive trial, we are capable to discover and investigate this convergence of these cultures. Power Distance: Japan is close to the global standard in power distance, whereas Sweden is also significantly different from USA culture, according to Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s studies. Though, new trends recommend that the Japanese foundation for subject folks in power further frequently. This transform has occurred considerably in the supporting ground where nearby have been no smaller number than 14 prime ministers in the very last 20 years (Economist, 2010). In the inventive data as of the IBM inspection in the 1970à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s the U.S. had an assessment score of 40 moreover, Japan had an assessment score of 50 and Sweden had 31 on the power distance dimension. Individualism à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Collectivism: In earlier studies, Japan has tended to slouch in the direction of the collectivist conclusion of the individualism / collectivism dimension. In the past, a foremost issue of Japanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s collectivism was its aptitude to afford full service to its citizens (Economist, 1994a). Though, there are cryptograms that this lock association among company and employee is becoming strained. Further, white collar workers are being laid off owing to a distended administration system (Schlender, 1994). The U.S. had a worthy score of 91 and Japan had a worthy score of 41 and Sweden had 71 in regards to the individualism / collectivism dimension in Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s innovative revision. It is projected that junction has occurred among these cultures as the U.S. has turned out to be more collectivist and Japan has turned out to be more individualistic and Sweden stands somewhere between them. Masculinity: indicate the point toward the central standards of a culture are masculine (e.g., assertive and competitive). Masculinity pertains to societies in which common sex roles are obviously different (i.e., men are made-up to be assertive, rough, and paying attention on material accomplishment while women are theoretical to be new humble, caring, and anxious with the value of life. Femininity the social sex roles extend beyond i.e., equally men and women are made-up to be self-effacing, caring, and anxious with the excellence of life. Sweden culture is more feministic and value of quality of life is very high. Japan and USA are on other side very high on masculinity index. Uncertainty avoidance (UA): Can be distinct as the degree in the direction of the members of a culture feel endangered by doubtful or indefinite situation and struggle to pass up such situation. This sentiment is, amongst other belongings, uttered during panicky stress and is required for inevitability: a need for printed and spoken rules. Japan is high on UA index. As they prefer a highly structured framework due to spending more time on managing risk by extensive work on research and development. On the other hand Sweden and USA are low on UA index. Specifically Swedish does not keep structured routine. Long-Term Orientation The U.S. and Swedish are both low on this scale and being capitalistic economies they prefer short term goals, whereas Japan secured 77 marks which indicates that the Japanese make plans for long terms considering social well-being and impact of their decisions on an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s life. Leaders of the USA working in Japan and Sweden will be required to change their organizational behaviors, according to the local culture by giving a more structured framework for Japan and more relaxed routines for Sweden for achieving maximum output. For both countries Leadership style must be paternalistic so leaders can be considered not as boss but a facilitator. References: Bilton, T., Bonnett, K., Jones, P., Sheard, K., Stanworth, M. and Webster, A.(1987)Introductory Sociology(Second edition), Macmillan Education, London. Doole, I. and Lowe, R. (2004) International Marketing Strategy: Analysis, Development and Implementation, 4th edition. London: Thomson Learning Economist. (2010). Into the unknown: A special report on Japan. Nov. 20, 1à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"16. Economist. (1994a). Root or branch? Feb 26, 64. Erich B. Bergiel Blaise J. Bergiel John W. Upson(2012), Case study, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“American Journal of Management vol. 12(1) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . [Online] Available from https://www.na-businesspress.com/ajm/bergieleb_web12_1_.pdf (Retrieved: 20-04-2014). Hofstede, G. (1980) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Motivation, leadership and organization: do American theories apply abroad?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Organizational Dynamics Vol. 9 No. 1 pp. 42-63 Hofstede, Cultural Dimensions Japan and Sweden analysis, available at: https://geert-hofstede.com/countries.html Joe Tidd John Bessant (2013), Case Study, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Developing an organizational culture that facilitates radical innovation in a mature small to medium sized company: Emergent findings (Working paper series) February 2004à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , Managing Innovation, Available at: https://w ww.managing-innovation.com/case_studies/Cerulean.pdf Mead, Richard, Andrews, Tim G. (2009) International management: culture and beyond fourth edition, Wiley Nonaka, I. and Takeuchi, H. (2011) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"The Wise Leaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Harvard Business Review Vol 89 Issue 5 Schein, E.H. (1984)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Coming to a NewAwareness of Organizational Cultureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ SloanManagement ReviewVol. 25 Winter pp. 3-16 Schlender, B. R. (1994). Japans white collar blues. Fortune, 129, 97 Schein, E.H. (1991)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"What Is Culture?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in Frost, P.J., Moore, L.F., Louis, M.R., Lundberg, C.C. and Martin, J. (Editors),Reframing Organizational Culture, Sage , NewburyPark, California, pp. 243-253 Schein, E.H. (1992)Organizational Culture and Leadership(Second edition), Jossey-Bass , San Francisco.

Marijuana a Gateway Drug - 906 Words

Running head: CRITICAL ISSUE ANALYSIS: MARIJUANA Critical Issue Analysis: Marijuana Janet Matthews University of Phoenix April 22, 2009 Critical Issue Analysis: Marijuana Gfroerer, J. W. (2005). Marijuana Is a Gateway Drug First time marijuana use will lead to harder drugs, creates health risks including HIV. Earleywine, M. (2004). Marijuana Is Not a Gateway to Other Addictive Drugs. Most marijuana users do not touch hard drugs. First time marijuana use does not mean an individual will use harder drugs because people will use whatever drug is available when they are ready to experiment. According to data from the 2000 National Household Surveys on Drug Abuse†¦show more content†¦One of the articles’ headliner says first time users are under 17, but in reading the paragraph, the findings are since 1992 the age range has remained around 17, a big difference between saying â€Å"under† and age and â€Å"around† an age. While sensationalizing all the propaganda, this pertinent information is buried and the actual focus of the article becomes lost. Because the authors of the first article bombard the reader with word usage designed as a scare tactic, it ultimately has little effect. This rhetoric could end up backfiring on those who use the article in a drug awareness effort due to blatant lies and half-truths. Not to mention, the authors of the first article are researchers, therefore, the only responsibility is gathering the information without taking a direct stance on the issue. This limits the credibility of the authors, who work for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The author of the second article uses data from the same source as the previous, without the feeling of information shoved down the readers throat. The article has a more realistic approach because every reader can identify with the content. Although there may be some exaggerated points, the article speaks to what people know, therefore, more creditable. To the author’s credit, a recipient of nine teaching awards for drugs and human behavior, leading researcher in psychology and addictions, the Associate Professor of Clinical Science and Director ofShow MoreRelatedMarijuana as a Gateway Drug2211 Words   |  9 PagesSociology 225 Research Paper Marijuana as a Gateway Drug The gateway theory is a hypothesis which states that the use of gateway drugs (alcohol, tobacco and marijuana) lead to the use of more illicit drugs such as heroin and cocaine. According to the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), marijuana is a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act. â€Å"Schedule I drugs are classified as having a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United StatesRead MoreMarijuana: A Boon or A Gateway Drug876 Words   |  4 Pages ‘Cannabis’- a plant of wonder, commonly known for its by-products like marijuana, hashish, hemp oil, etc. is the most popular drug plant. These products often used for their psychoactive effects. This can include heightened mood or euphoria, relaxation, and an increase in appetite. Popularity of the marijuana has increased widely these days between all age groups. Smoker’s says, â€Å"There is no harm in smoking marijuana, as it is non-addictive, it relaxes your body and connects you to your soul whereasRead MoreJaclyn Larsen. Mr. Gregory. Period 2. February 12, 2017.1749 Words   |  7 PagesPeriod 2 February 12, 2017 The Gateway Theory: On Marijuana Within the last few years there has been a nation wide drive towards the legalization of marijuana. This year, it has finally been taken off the list of gateway drugs. A number of states have seen the legalization of marijuana as a gateway to medical benefits. Whereas other states are still skeptical of some of the unknown factors of marijuana. So how was the decision made that marijuana is not a gateway drug? It simply came to the end factRead MoreGateway Effect of Marijuana Essay1405 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana has been used by people over many centuries for medical uses. It is a natural pain killer used today as a recreational drug by people all over the world. According to Noel Merino in, â€Å"Introduction to Gateway Drugs: Opposing Viewpoints†, â€Å"a drug is something other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body†. Marijuana is a very controversial drug and has been outlawed in many countries for its affect on the function of t he body. â€Å"Effects may involve hallucinationsRead More†¢Legalizing Marijuana Is Beneficial For A Person’S Mental717 Words   |  3 Pages†¢ Legalizing marijuana is beneficial for a person’s mental and emotional health Marijuana should be legalized because it is beneficial for a person’s mental and emotional health. Marijuana is beneficial for a person’s mental and emotional health because it helps decrease anxiety, relieve stress and it provides a mental break from pain for those who are suffering physically. Firstly, marijuana is beneficial to one’s mental and emotional health because it helps decrease anxiety. Anxiety affects 12%Read MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?849 Words   |  4 Pageswhether marijuana should be legalized. Around 23 states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational use. In the state of Illinois, medicinal use of marijuana has been passed on April 17, 2013. Since January 2014, patients are able to obtain marijuana with a doctor s recommendation. The new debate is whether marijuana should be legalized for the general public as a recreational drug. Although some believe that marijuana is harmless, and that it has beneficial medicinal uses, ma rijuana shouldRead MoreThe Benefits Of Decriminalization Of Marijuana948 Words   |  4 PagesMarijuana is a widespread drug all over the world. A few countries, such as Netherlands, Australia and some U.S.   jurisdictions, have decriminalized the use of marijuana. Some people support the legalization of marijuana for medical and entertainment purposes because they believe that it can solve a number of problems. However, it should keep the illegal state for any purpose because legalizing marijuana will create more potential problems. This essay will talk about two important reasons for keepingRead MoreWeed Be Better Off Without Marijuana1728 Words   |  7 PagesBetter Off Without Marijuana Dope, Mary Jane, Pot, Grass, Weed, Blunt, Joint, and Nuggets are only a few of the countless names for marijuana, a narcotic drug used for recreational and sometimes medicinal uses across the world. Recently growing enough popularity among younger generations due to the glamorization of media, and the overwhelming financial gains through taxes and fees seen in Colorado, have caused Ohio legislators and citizens to consider the idea of legalizing marijuana for both recreationalRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay868 Words   |  4 Pagescontroversial topics in the news today is the legalization of marijuana. Supporters believe that the drug is not harmful and can have numerous benefits. However, opponents argue that marijuana can lead to addiction and other more dangerous drugs. In the end, marijuana should be legal based on economic, medicinal, and philosophical factors. First, the legalization of marijuana would have a tremendous economic impact. Since â€Å"marijuana is thought to be the second most profitable cash crop in theRead MoreThe Harmuful Effects of Marijuana787 Words   |  3 Pages In 2006, A Drug Free Worlds The Harmful Effects of Marijuana† emerged in the media. ADFW reasons that marijuana is harmful in numerous ways, including cerebral damage and debilitation to the immune system. Throughout the article, they also try to persuade the reader that cannabis is a gateway drug that undoubtedly leads the users into much harder drugs. When reading this article, one must consider that research to support anything can be found if one searches hard enough, but without a doubt

The Muslim Genocide that Took Place in Europe - 663 Words

Genocide Research Paper â€Å"I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented†(Wiesel). Just like Elie Wiesel mentioned, one must never remain silent when such atrocities are occurring. Although there may be times where one feels powerless to injustices there should never be a time where one fails to protest. Silence is the reason for the moral crimes that have happened in history and are still going on to this day. Genocides have always happened because of silence. Just like Elie Wiesel questioned God’s silence in Night, he also questioned the world’s silence. The silence that caused the annihilation of many human beings and forever changed history. According to dictionary.com, a genocide is the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group. As previously mentioned , genocides occur from the silence of the people, racism, and fear. The belief of superiority of one’s own race is the beginning of a genocide. Hatred towards the Muslims caused the beginning of a new extermination. The Muslim genocide took place in Europe, Bosnia-Herzegovina from 1992 until 1995. Since the beginning of Bosnia, Muslims have always been the majority in the population. Bosnia was created after the break-up of Yugoslavia, which included the religious groups of Serbs, Croats, andShow MoreRelatedThe Horrors of Genocide: Night, by Elie Wiesel1699 Words   |  7 Pagesthis social utopia. Throughout history, many occurrences of genocide have occurred due to the diversity of people and even though society has evolved greatly, there are still people and places today that are suffering. To start off with, what is genocide? Genocide is the killing of a massive number of people of in a group. Genocide has not only been practices in the present day, but it has been practiced for millennia (Horvitz 1). Genocide occurs because people are different, in race, religion, andRead MoreThe Bosnian Genocide Was A Mass Killing1331 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bosnian genocide was a mass killing similar to the Holocaust that occurred in Bosnia Herzegovina shortly after the separation from the former state of Yugoslavia, disbanded in 1992 due to the Yugoslav Wars (The Breakup of Yugoslavia, 1990–1992 - 1989–1992 - Milestones - Office of the Historian.). Akin to most other genocides that have previously been recorded throughout history, the Bosnian genocide was caused by part of the population believing they had second-rate citizens in their land,Read MoreHistory Research Topic- Bosnian Genocide1164 Words   |  5 PagesBosnian Genocide in 1995 Outline Plan Bosnian Genocide was a terrible act of murder which started when Muslims and Croats voted for independence in referendum that was boycotted by Serbs In 1992.When the European Union recognized Bosnian’s independence the war broke out and Serb’s occupied the country. I chose to do my Research about this while studying The Rwanda Genocide in 1994. I discovered that Rwanda wasn’t the only genocide that happened in the past and I really wanted to learn somethingRead MoreThe Denial of The Armenian Genocide Essay1442 Words   |  6 Pagesdenial of the Armenian genocide and the use of the term â€Å"alleged† are insults to those who have agitated over the years in highlighting the genocide and the Armenian people themselves. The pictorial anger and anguish of this painful traumatic experience had left the survivors of this horrific event with deep scars beyond repairs. The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were a dark world for the Armenians who were held helpless and bound at the treacherous hand of the Muslim Turks of the OttomanRead MoreGenocide Essay997 Words   |  4 Pages Unfortunately, genocide and mass killings happen in many places around the world and bring destruction to thousands of people. Genocide is the del iberate and systematic killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. Some genocides occur due to small, invading groups of people, or one dictator in power who dreams of a â€Å"pure† land to rule. Others occur because of a country’s own government and the people in it who wish to change the makeup of their countryRead MoreThe Armenian Genocide Essay2458 Words   |  10 PagesThe Armenian genocide has several main causes: European meddling in Ottoman internal affairs, nationalism, economic jealousy, and Armenian involvement in the Russian war effort. Though, a lot of the causes are interrelated. For example, nationalism and European meddling go hand in hand. What exactly was the Armenian genocide? Well, the Armenian genocide was a state orchestrated machine of mass-murder and rape of the Armenian people, and several other ethnic groups, of the Ottoman Empire 1915-1923Read MoreThe Tragedy Of The Bosnian Genocide1412 Words   |  6 Pageshistorians may never know if they could have been prevented. Genocides are an example of such an event, as they are often influenced by delicate situations, and are often very tragic. The deepest tragedy of all is that we will never know if these mass murders of specific ethnicities could have been averted. One such dreadful occurrence became known to the public as the Bosnian Genocide. Lasting from 1992 till 1995, the Bosnian Genocide erupted after the ruination of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was a communistRead MoreAn Understanding And Appreciation Of History862 Words   |  4 Pages being forced to take the blame for the world’s problems. Such as in Nazi Germany, as the rise of Hitler lead to the discrimination, mass deportation, and eventual genocide of Jews in the Holocaust. Other examples of genocide â€Å"the deliberate killing of people who belong to a particular racial, political, or cultural group.† took place in Armenia, Cambodia, Bosnia and Darfur (Merriam-Webster). Developing an understanding and appreciation of history allows people who are living in the present, andRead More The Horror of Genocide Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesbut definitely possible. The word genocide, which is also known as ethnic cleansing, is certainly not uncommon to anyone living in this not so perfect world, full of violence, hatred and discrimination. Throughout the decades, genocide has taken place in more than one occasion, causing wars, slaughters and mass destruction of cities and towns. I think that genocide is by far the worst crime in humanity. Hatred, superiority and personal memories are all behind genocide. Everyday, I get more surprisedRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Ottoman Empire Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pagesterm â€Å"genocide† refers to the systematic killing of a group of people because of factors that may include race or religion. The Ottoman Empire is to blame for the Armenia Genocide which took place between 1915 and 1923 and resulted in the deaths of over 1.5 million. Years after, under Adolf Hitler, Germany was to blame for the Holocaust which resulted in the death of over 6 million Jews. Despite both genocides taking place in different countries and during different time periods, both genocides have

Five Year Anniversary of Face book’s Acquisition of Instagram

Question: Discuss about the Five Year Anniversary of Face books Acquisition of Instagram. Answer: Changes in policy Facebook essentially bought nearly 35 million users of Instagram for approximately $1 billion that is equal to over $28 for every user. Analysis of the acquisition reveals the fact that during the time of acquisition, the valuation of facebook stood at $90 billion. However, the present valuation of facebook stands at $306.4 billion that is roughly $179 per share. Essentially, in this case, valuation is necessarily the price that a specific party pays for another party, or in other words it is the value that a specific side will sacrifice in order to make the transaction work (Fracassi, 2016). As such, valuation can be considered as a combination of flow of cash as well as the time value of money. In this case, the seller firm tends to value the corporation at a price as high as possible, whilst the purchaser tends to get the lowest price possible. Amidst several criticisms as regards the acquisitions of Instagram, facebook had different ideas regarding the worth of the company. Many questioned the decision of acquiring Instagram as many people were of the view that disbursing $1 billion for a corporation that generated no revenue was not feasible. Basically, management of the firm facebook considered the future prospects of business, solid growth base, risk of the target firm and cost of capital. In a bid to understand whether a specific deal is worthwhile it is important for the acquiring firm to comprehend the price-earnings ratio as P/E for all stocks falling within the identical industry can provide acquiring firm proper guidance regarding multiple of target P/E (Grinblatt Titman, 2016). Again, the acquiring firm also need to consider enterprise value to sales value ratio as this can help in understanding the value as well as amount of debt of a corporation that necessarily needs to be returned back at certain point of ti me. The company facebook registered increase in research as well as development expenditure from $1.4 billion in 2012, $388 million in 2011 and $144 million in 2010. At the time of acquirement of Instagram that is during the year, the rate of inflation in USA was registered to be 2.07%. The inflation rate presents an overview of the American inflation that is based on the consumer price index (Bena Li, 2014). However, analysis of annual report of facebook reveals that inflation has had a material effect on the overall business, financial condition as well as outcomes of operations. However, inflation affects the capital market and hinders corporate growth and thereby adversely affects Merger Acquisition. Interest Rate enhances the cost of funding an acquisition. As the rate of interest augments, acquisition cost increases and this increased cost essentially discourages diverse acquirers from purchasing. Again at the time when Treasury rate is high, discount can be considered to be high as an acquirer can securely park money in different risk free investment with high level of interest (Greve Zhang, 2017). Finally, all the valuations is said to decrease in case if the rate of interest is enhanced. Annual report of facebook for the period 2012 shows that the effective tax rate was 89% up from 41% from 2011. In addition to this, with increase in tax, owners of firms are less probable to cash out owing to increased tax consequences from the firms sales. References Bena, J., Li, K. (2014). Corporate innovations and mergers and acquisitions.The Journal of Finance,69(5), 1923-1960. Fracassi, C. (2016).Corporate finance policies and social networks.Management Science. Greve, H. R., Zhang, C. M. (2017). Institutional logics and power sources: Merger and acquisition decisions.Academy of Management Journal,60(2), 671-694. Grinblatt, M., Titman, S. (2016). Financial markets corporate strategy.

Some Challenges of Effective Communication Essay Sample free essay sample

Harmonizing to Jim Leininger in his article. employees express deeper degrees of employee committedness and are likely to be more satisfied with their leading if their companies have strong communicating plans. But effectual communicating is confronting more and more challenges in a cultural diverse and coevals diverse environment in China. First of all. linguistic communication is one of barriers in a transnational company. Even there is normally one working linguistic communication in transnational companies. like English. Peoples are greatly affected by their female parent linguistic communication and can’t comprehend their squad members who come from different states wholly sometimes. Second. Peoples from different civilizations normally have different thought and mentality. The cultural differences frequently cause misconstruing and statements that lead failure in communicating. So. working linguistic communication accomplishments and larning different civilizations is really of import for employees in civilization diverse companies. And companies normally give some basic preparation about this for new employees. We will write a custom essay sample on Some Challenges of Effective Communication Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Communication between different coevalss attracts more attending with the post-80 and post-90 come ining occupation market. Comparing the seniors. post-80 and post-90 coevals were raised in an environment with more freedom. chance. diverseness and wealth. they are believed to keep a really different attitude towards life and work. New coevals have wider. more diverse cognition because they grew up in the Internet age. and they are possibly cherished resource for invention. So. the post-80 and post-90 and the seniors should seek to cognize and digest the differences between them and happen the good manner of communicating. Besides communicating among people. effectual communicating in a company includes â€Å"employees understand their company’s ends. their ain occupation. and the nexus between occupation and the customer† . That means company should hold a complete communicating system and good acknowledged concern civilization.